Between 1967 [82] and 1975, snowy owls bred on the remote island of Fetlar in the Shetland Isles north of mainland Scotland, discovered by the Shetland RSPB warden, Bobby Tulloch. [83] Females summered as recently as 1993, but their status in the British Isles is now that of a rare winter visitor to Shetland, the Outer Hebrides and the Cairngorms. [84] [85] Older records show that the snowy owls may have once semi-regularly bred elsewhere in the Shetlands. [86] They range in northern Greenland (mostly Peary Land) and, rarely in "isolated parts of the highlands", Iceland. [6] [7] [5] Thence, they are found breeding at times across northern Eurasia such as in Spitsbergen and western and northern Scandinavia. In Norway, they normally breed in Troms og Finnmark and seldom down as far south as Hardangervidda and in Sweden perhaps down to the Scandinavian Mountains while breeding is very inconsistent in Finland. [7] [87] Marquiss, M., Smith, R. & Galbraith, H. (1989). "Diet of Snowy Owls on Cairn Gorm Plateau in 1980 and 1987" (PDF). Scottish Birds. 15 (4): 180–181. {{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Musk oxen are related to sheep and goats, and they were first discovered by European explorers in the 1600s. They’re primarily found in Arctic Greenland and Canada. Fun fact: On a clear day a polar bears nose can be seen from up to six miles away with a pair of binoculars.

Some of the most recent heavy New Jersey snow in November happened in 2014. On the 27th, the heavy snow mixed with substantial rain, making the half-inch of the former harder to notice. With an added 1.28 inches of rain and an average temperature of 42 degrees, most November weather has been free of significant snow in New Jersey. The 1989 Thanksgiving Snowfall in New Jersey Quakenbush, Lori; Suydam, Robert; Obritschkewitsch, Tim; Deering, Michele (2004). "Breeding biology of Steller's eiders ( Polysticta stelleri) near Barrow, Alaska, 1991–99". Arctic. 57 (2). doi: 10.14430/arctic493. Irving, L. (1955). "Nocturnal decline in the temperature of birds in cold weather" (PDF). The Condor. 57 (6): 362–365. doi: 10.2307/1364794. JSTOR 1364794. a b Krechmar, A.V. & Dorogoy, I.V . (1981). "Snowy Owl ( Nyctea scandiaca)". In: Ecology of mammals and birds in Wrangel Island. Vladivostok: DVNZ AN SSSR: pp. 56–81. Marthinsen, G., Wennerberg, L., Solheim, R., & Lifjeld, J. T. (2009). Snowy owls ( Bubo scandiacus) constitute one panmictic population. University of Oslo.Snyder, L. L. (1943). "The Snowy Owl migration of 1941–42" (PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 55 (1): 8–10. JSTOR 4157203. a b Hart, H. C. (1880). "Notes on the ornithology of the British Polar Expedition, 1875-6". Zoologist. 4: 121–129. The snowy owl is large and well-armed, and has few predators of its own. Despite this, a snowy owl nest and recently-fledged juvenile birds make tempting targets for Arctic predators such as the Arctic fox and the gray wolf. I. J., Aarvak, T., Jacobsen, K. O., & Solheim, R. (2018). "Satellite Telemetry Uncovers Important Wintering Areas for Snowy Owls On the Kola Peninsula, Northwestern Russia". Орнитология, 42, 42–49. Burkhardt, Dietrich (1989). "UV vision: a bird's eye view of feathers". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 164 (6): 787–796. doi: 10.1007/BF00616750. S2CID 29148489.

Arctic foxes are small to medium-sized canids native to the Northern Hemisphere and Arctic regions. They typically range in size from 46 to 68 cm (18 to 27 inches). They have large triangular ears, short muzzles, and long legs relative to their body size. Of 438 band encounters in the USG banding laboratory, almost all causes of death that could be determined, whether intentional or not, were correlated with human interference. [8] 34.2% or 150 were dead due to unknown causes, 11.9% were shot, 7.1% were hit by automobiles, 5.5% were found dead or injured on highways, 3.9% were collision from towers or wires, 2.7% were in animal traps, 2.1% in airplane birdstrikes, 0.6% were entangled while the remaining 33.3% recovered injured due to assorted or unknown causes. [8] Snowy owls are endangered by heavy airport usage resulting in birdstrikes. Many such collisions are known in Canada and likely also in Siberia and Mongolia . [259] [260] Despite their danger to planes, no human fatalities have been recorded in collisions with this species. [261] Snowy owls are always far outnumbered in Canadian airports in winter by short-eared owls. [7] However, relative to its scarcity, the snowy accounts for a very large balance of the birdstrikes recorded at American airports due to the attractiveness of the habitat, accounting for 4.6% of 2456 recorded collisions (the barn owl is the most frequently involved in birdstrikes). [262] The species is locally vulnerable to pesticides. [6] The placement of buildings in the Utqiaġvik is now thought to have displaced some snowy owls. [217] In Norway, potential sources of disturbance near the nests include tourism, recreation, reindeer husbandry, motorized traffic, dogs, photographers, ornithologists and scientists. [174] Some biologist have expressed concern that radio-tagging of snowy owls may cause some unclear detrimental effect on snowy owls but little evidence is known if they actually make the owls more susceptible to death. [263] Turtles and amphibians in New Jersey go through a similar process called brumation. At the bottom of a pond or swamp, these animals survive with almost no oxygen while buried beneath the mud. While the fish live through the cold, they wait to become active again until the water warms up. While many animals have ways of coping with the cold, hummingbirds and other neo-tropical birds migrate towards warmer weather instead.a b c Holt, Denver W.; Zetterberg, Steven A. (2008). "The 2005 to 2006 Snowy Owl Irruption Migration to Western Montana". Northwestern Naturalist. 89 (3): 145–151. doi: 10.1898/NWN07-19.1. S2CID 85885670. Korpimaki, Erkki (1986). "Reversed Size Dimorphism in Birds of Prey, Especially in Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus: A Test of the "Starvation Hypothesis" ". Ornis Scandinavica. 17 (4): 326–332. doi: 10.2307/3676820. JSTOR 3676820. Young, C.M. (1973). "The Snowy Owl migration of 1971–72 in the Sudbury region of Ontario" (PDF). American Birds. 27 (1): 11–12.

Wagner, Hermann; Weger, Matthias; Klaas, Michael; Schröder, Wolfgang (2017). "Features of owl wings that promote silent flight". Interface Focus. 7 (1): 20160078. doi: 10.1098/rsfs.2016.0078. PMC 5206597. PMID 28163870.

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Bortolotti, Gary R.; Stoffel, Marten J.; Gag, Ismael (2010). "Wintering Snowy Owls Bubo scandiacus integrate plumage colour, behaviour and their environment to maximize efficacy of visual displays". Ibis. 153 (1): 134–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1474-919x.2010.01067.x. Murphy, C. J.; Howland, H. C. (1983). "Owl eyes: Accommodation, corneal curvature and refractive state". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 151 (3): 277–284. doi: 10.1007/BF00623904. S2CID 8401149. As temperatures drop and autumn gives way to the seemingly ceaseless snows of winter, some animals in northerly climes exchange their pelage or plumage of summer drab for the purest white. Unlike many white animals associated with the north, such as polar bears and snowy owls, which are white all year, these creatures shift their colors with the seasons. Why this happens is not entirely clear. While camouflage is one evolutionary factor that has selected for seasonally white fur, it is likely that the switch to winter whites confers other advantages as well. Scientists believe that if staying hidden were the only upside, many more snow dwellers would be white, but that is not the case. In fact, most Arctic animals do not change color with the seasons at all, even species closely related to those that do. One theory is that a pale coat may have better insulating properties—because melanin, the substance responsible for colored hair, is absent from white fur, leaving air spaces in the hair shaft. Diet: Eats mostly ringed and bearded seals. They will occasionally eat other mammals, eggs, vegetation and beach-cast carrion. Polar bears don’t drink water. They get all the liquids that they need from the animals that they eat. Sindelar Jr., C. (1966). "A comparison of five consecutive Snowy Owl invasions in Wisconsin". Passenger Pigeon. 28 (10): 108.

a b c d e f Gross, Alfred O. (1944). "Food of the Snowy Owl" (PDF). The Auk. 61 (1): 1–18. doi: 10.2307/4079593. JSTOR 4079593. As the snow came to a close, it ended a rather strange month for New Jersey. Though this snowstorm took over holiday travel, a massive tornado on November 11th took the state through immense destruction just two weeks earlier. Bowmaker, J.K.; Martin, G.R. (1978). "Visual pigments and colour vision in a nocturnal bird, Strix aluco (tawny owl)". Vision Research. 18 (9): 1125–1130. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(78)90095-0. PMID 716232. S2CID 40455349. Snowy Owl ( Nyctea Scandia)". National Geographic. 11 November 2010. Archived from the original on 6 February 2010.

Bedetti, C.; Palombo, M.R.; Sardella, R. (October 2001). "Last occurrences of large mammals and birds in the Late Quaternary of the Italian peninsula". 1st International Congress "The World of Elephants". Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. pp.701–703. ISBN 978-88-8080-025-5. Martin, Graham R.; Gordon, Ian E. (1974). "Visual acuity in the tawny owl ( Strix aluco)". Vision Research. 14 (12): 1393–1397. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(74)90014-5. PMID 4446369. They also have a high metabolism that helps keep them warm. Arctic foxes are proficient hunters, feeding primarily on lemmings and voles. They also eat birds, eggs, and carrion. 4. Sika deer Sika deer Manfred Richter from Pixabay